The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.